In the nearly 40 years since electronic control systems first became common features of industrial machines, controls theory has necessarily evolved to keep pace with machine design. Early on, systems ...

Machine builders and factory operators may have misconceptions about hydraulic-based motion. Although valued for its ability to move, crush or lift heavy loads, it has not been thought of as ...

Controlling hydraulic motion with precision involves understanding the fundamental difference between servo motors and hydraulic actuators. Electric motors generally respond linearly to control inputs ...