Laser cooling has been used on a solid film of semiconductor for the first time, reducing its temperature to a chilly 4 K. The work has been done by researchers in Denmark, who suggest that with ...

You will learn about semiconductor light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and lasers, and the important rules for their analysis, planning, design, and implementation. You will also apply your knowledge through ...

Formation of defect-pairs in GaN under high-energy particle irradiation. Courtesy: S Chen Gallium nitride (GaN) is the world’s second-favourite semiconductor, present in devices ranging from ...